Exhaust of gases from engines



Jan. 16, 1940. H. COANDA EXHAUST 0F GASES FROM ENGINES Original FiledJuly 1'7, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 WW m TN mt NA w W IR T N v A H Jan. 16,1940. H. COANDA I EXHAUST 0F GASES FROM ENGINES briginal Filed July 17,1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 'INVENTOR: HENRI COANDA ATTORNEYS Jan. 16, 1940.H. COANDA EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES Original Filed July 17, 1935' 4,eet 3 a I a lllll k Ill...

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INVENTOR= I HENRFCOANDA J5 gpfi A TORNEVJ min/ 5/76/76 Kar H Jam. W,H4. 1. EOANDA EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES Original Filed July 17,.1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTUR HENRI UGANDA A? TO N 513 5 WateniedJan.16, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,187,342 EXHAUSTOF GASES FROMENGINES Henri Coanda, Cllchy. France h (llaims.

The present invention, which is a division of my copending applicationSer. No. 91,062, filed July 17, 1936 relates to exhaust systems forinternal combustion engines.

As disclosed lay my prior Patent No. 2,052,869 when a fluid underpressure, such as exhaust gases, is allowed to escape, in the form of aflat sheet through a thin slot one of the lips of which is prolonged andgradually curved away irom said slot, there is produced along said lip azone oi suction into'which the surrounding air flows. Therefore, it willbe readily understood that, ii a series of such suction zones aredisposed at intervals irom one another and are arranged to operatesuccessively, the zone of suction created hr the active lip of one ofthe slots'can act upon the gases flowing out from the adjacent slot andso on.

ohiect oi the present invention is to pro title an exhaust device leasedupon this prim ciple.

According to the invention, this exhaust device includes a manifoldreceiving the exhaust gases through that pipes and provided, at theplaces where said fiat pipes open thereinto, with sets of wing-hiredevices having, in longitudinal section, in the direction or now of thegases, the shape oi thin slotted aeroioils, Thus, when passing throughsaid slots, the exhaust gases expand along the haclr. iaces oi saidwing-like devices lwhich constitute the prolonged lips above re- :ierredtol iormmg along said haclr iaces cones suction which draw thesurrounding fluid.

I literature, it will he readily understood that, ll dispose in asuitalole manner in this maniiold these wz' g liire devices and theoutlets or" the ill tilt) l devices corresponding to one oi the Wenhaust pipes through which the gases are convoted to said manitold, asuction capable oi acting upon the gas stream conveyed by the ad-;lacent exhaust pipe, and so on.

thither t'eatures oi the present invention will result irom thel'ollowing detailed description oi" some speciiic embodiments thereof.

' ldrcterred embodiments oi the present inven tion will he hereinafterdescribed, with reference to the accompanying drawings, given merely hrwar oi eitample, and in which:

l and Fig. 2 are diagrammatic views illusstrating, respectively, theproduction of a suction none on the outlet side of a thin slot one oithe lips oi which is sumclentlr prolonged, and the reaction oi anelementarr suction at the outlet oi hill an exhaust slot on the flow ofthe gases from the adjacent slot;

l 'ig, 3 shows an exhaust pipe element conveying the gases to themanifold;

rig. l, shows a radial engine provided with. exhaust pipes leading to amanifold according to the invention;

Fig. s is a sectional View of the manifold into which the exhaust pipesopen;

Fig. ii is a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale of a slottedwing-like surface utilized in connection with the maniiold according tothe invention;

lug. I shows an element of a circular manilold fitted on a radialengine, partly in section; to

it shows a modification.

Referring to rigs, l. and 2, it a gas flowing at at high velocity isejected through a thin slot i lei a thickness oi shout 1.5 mm), the gascripands along a prolonged lip Fr oi the slot, creating thereon a toneoi high suction, due to the fact that the gases expand considerablyhevond their initial volume. Thus, in the hatched portion, there isproduced a considerable suction due to the enpamlon oi the fluid streamescaping at high pressure through the thin slot i and constituting acone into which the surrounding air hows in the direction at arrows o.

lilonseouentlr, it will he readily understood that ii distinct gaseousstreams are elected in the same manner through adjacent orifices li o,W, lic (Fig. El, at a small distance from one another, it is possilole,hr the production oi suction cones do, 25h, he created at the outlet oieach slot hr the gas stream issuing thereirom, to increase the auctionat the preceding stream, and so on.

Reflecting to El and d, the flat eidiaust tuloes connected to theexhaust valve chainhere 6 through tuhes it, first cylindrical, then oidecreasing diameter at and flattened at t, are provided at the rate oione per cylinder in, lit, "lo, oi a radial engine Each nut tulle t isconnected, through flanges d, to a flattened tuloe ll, hent ior instanceat it and leading to a manifold it.

this manizlold, a portion or which is shown in section hr litlg. it,consists oi a piece including a pluralitr or not conduits such as its,ltd, tie, into which open the flattened tunes t. Opposite these flatconduits are provided the wing-line devices its, lth, tic, respectively,one oi which is shown on an enlarged scale hp litg. t.

As shown in section hr said Fig. 6, each of these wing-lite devicesconsists of a plurality oi solid elements idi, We, We, lWcr-ll, its etc,separated from one another by passages 1&2, I43, Mil-1, Mn, etc.,forming thin slots. Preferably, these elements I51, I52, I53, "in-1,I511, etc., are themselves of aerofoil section, with a rather bluntleading edge l6. Preferably, also, the winglike devices l3a, l3b, l3care slightly inclined with respect to the axes of the correspondingconduits l2a, 12b, 120.

These wing-like devices are fixed in any suitable manner to the body ofthe manifold in the correct position with'respect to the correspondingconduits.

Among these conduits, those which extend to a greater distance insidethe manifold, such as I2a, include, on the one hand a wall ll,coinciding with the wall of the manifold, and, on the other hand, aportion l8, for instance hollow at E9, and terminated by a slightlycurved part 20, acting on the one hand as a deflector with respect towing-like device I31) and, on the other hand, as a guide for the gasesflowing through tube l2a, so as to direct them toward the back side ofthe winglike device i3a.

The path of the gases, when travelling from the engine to the manifold,is as follows:

After having undergone a helical movement and having been flattened inconduits 3, E, 5, the ases flow through flat tubes 9, until they .enterflat conduits l2a, I212, I120.

The gases flowing through conduit Ha strike wing-like device 13a overits whole length, due to the inclined position of said wing-like devicewith respect to the inner face Ha of the wall I! of said conduit.

These gases are divided into elementary sheets flowing through slotsI42, I43, |fln1, Min, etc. (Fig. 6). Therefore, considering, forinstance, element I511, there is created a zone of suction 26's alongthe back side 26 of said element I511, this zone ofsuction beingslightly stippled on the drawings and projecting beyond the back face22a of the wing device. The same happens for element I5n-1, forming azone of suction 2331-1 along the back face 2611-1 of said element, andfor all the other elements.

This is due to the fact that, referring to Fig. 6, thin slot in may beconsidered as equivalent. to the slot F of Fig. 1, the heavy-linedportion of the back face 26 of wing element I511 which extends betweenthe trailing edge of said wing elementand line-Xn-Xn being consideredasequivalent to the prolonged rear lip F1 of said slot F.

As this suction zone 26'n extends slightly beyond the trailing edge ofthe preceding wing element l5n-1, it reacts upon the surrounding fluidand, in particular, upon the gases that have flown through slot I la-1and increases the suction effect created at 26'n-1 and so on.

. As these zones of suction 2611, 26'11-1, etc. extend slightly beyondthe rear face 220 of the wing device, their combined actions produce, at23a, a zone of suction along said rear face 22a of said wing-likedevice.-

It is this suction which draws in, through the .free space 2| (Fig. 5)the gases flowing through by said elements l3a and l3a. This suctiondraws in the gases coming in through tubes 12b, I20, and the space 29,32 existing between win like devices I31), I30, identical to thewing-like device [3a above described in detail.

It should be noted that the deflector portion 20 of piece l8 preventsany backward flow of the gases.

Also, it should be noted that the zone Z between wing-like devices 13band I30 is a zone of suction owing to the combined actions of theelementary suction zones 23?) and 230 of said respective devices.

In a modification shown by Fig. 7, the manifold is constituted by acircular flat tube 34, into which open flat tubes 35, into which openflat tubes 5 terminated by a flaring end piece in which there is mounteda wing-like device 36 similar to those above described and acting in thesame way. Therefore, along each of these wing-like devices 36, there iscreated an intensified suction zone 3'! which tends to draw in, in thedirection of arrow 40, the gases contained in tube 34 ahead of thiszone. The exhaust of the gases into the atmosphere may take placethrough silencers such as 38.

In the modification of Fig. 8, the manifold is constituted by a flaringelement 39 prolonging the flat exhaust tubes A and B connected, forinstance, to diiferent engine cylinders, said element 39 being providedwith streamlined partitions consisting of wing-like elements a and b,respectively, positioned with respect to one another in such manner asto constitute two wing-like devices similar to those above described indetail, the suction created by wing-like device b acting on the otherwing-like system a. i

In a general manner, while I have, in the above description, disclosedwhat I deem to be practical and eflicient embodiments of the presentinvention, it should be well understood that I do not wish to be limitedthereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement, dispositionand form of the parts without departing from the principle of thepresent invention as comprehended within the scope of the appendedclaims.

What I claim is:

1. An exhaust device for a fluid flowing at high velocity and underpressure into a medium at lower pressure, which comprises, incombination,

a vessel opening into said medium, at least one flat tube opening intosaid vessel, and .a slotted structure carried by said vessel oppositethe outlet of said tube into said vessel, said structure consisting of aplurality of wing-like elements arranged adjacent and parallel to oneanother with their leading edges turned toward the direction from whichthe fluid is flowing, these elements being positioned close to oneanother, so as to leave slot-like passages between them, and in steppedrelation, so that the upper side of each extends beyond the trailingedge of the element located above it and forms an outwardly curvedprolonged lip to the slot existing between these two last mentionedwing-like elements, whereby the flow of fluid through each of theseslots produces a suction acting on the stream flowing through the nextslot above it and facilitates the flow of fluid along the back part ofsaid slotted structure.

2. An exhaust device for a fluid flowing at high velocity and underpressure into a medium at lower pressure, which comprises, incombination, a vessel opening into said medium, at least one flat tubeopening into said vessel for conveying said fluid thereto, and awing-shaped structure constituted by a plurality of wing-shaped elementsarranged adjacent and parallel to one another with their leading edgesturned toward the direction from which the fluid is flowing, theseelements being positioned close to one another so as to leave slot-likepassages between them and in stepped relation, so that the upper side ofeach extends beyond the trailing edge of the element located above itand forms an outwardly curved prolonged lip to the slot existing betweenthese two last mentioned wing-like elements to form together amultiple-slot wing structure fixed in said vessel opposite and parallelto the outlet of said tube into said vessel so as to split the stream ofgases issuing therefrom into a portion which passes around saidstructure and another portion which passes through the slots thereof andproduces on its back face a suction which improves the flow through saidtube.

3. An exhaust device for a plurality of sources at a fluid intended toflow at high velocity and under pressure into' amedium at lowerpressure, which comprises, in combination, a main fluid collectingvessel opening into said medium, a plurality of flat tubes connectingsaid sources respectively with said vessel, and at least one wingshapedstructure constituted by a plurality of wing-shaped elements arrangedadjacent and parallel to one another with their leading edges u turnedtoward the direction from which the fluid is flowing, these elementsbeing positioned close to one another so as to leave slot-like passagesbetween them and in stepped relation, so that the upper side of eachextends beyond the trailing edge of the element located above it andforms an outwardly curved prolonged lip to the slot existing betweenthese two last mentioned winglike elements to form together amultipleslot wing structure fixed in said vessel opposite and parallelto the outlet of each of said tubes into said vessel so as to split thestream of gases issuing from said last mentioned tube into a portionwhich passes around said structure and another portion which passesthrough the slots thereof and produces on its back face a suction whichimproves the flow through the corresponding tube, said tubes and theirrespective wing-shaped structures being arranged in stepped relation toone another so that the suction created by one wing-shaped structure iseffective to cooperate with the other tubes. 7

4. An exhaust device for an internal combustion engine which comprises,in combination, a manifold, a plurality of flat tubes for conveying theexhaust gases from the cylinders of said engine to said manifold, and awing-shaped structure constituted by a plurality of wing-shaped elementsarranged adjacent and parallel to one another with their leading edgestumed toward the direction from which the fluid is flowing, theseelements being positioned close to one another so as to leave slot-likepassages between them and in stepped relation, so that the upper side ofeach extends beyond the trailing edge of the element located above itand forms an outwardly curved prolonged lip to the slot existing betweenthese two last mentioned wing-like elements to form together amultiple-slot wing structure fixed in said manifold opposite andparallel to the outlet of each of said tubes into said manifold so as tosplit the stream of gases issuing from said last mentioned tube into aportion which passes around said structure and another portion whichpasses through the slots thereof and produces on its back face a suctionwhich improves the flow through the corresponding tube, said tubes andtheir respective wing-shaped structures being arranged in steppedrelation to one another on said manifold so that the suction created byone wingshaped structure is effective to cooperate with the other tubes.

5. An exhaust device for an internal combustion engine which comprises,in combination, a manifold, a plurality of flat tubes for conveying theexhaust gases from the cylinders of said engine to said manifold, and awing-shaped slotted structure mounted in said manifold opposite eachtube outlet into said manifold, with the leading edge of said structureparallel to said outlet, each of said structures consisting of aplurality of wing-like elements arranged adjacent and parallel to oneanother with their leading edges turned toward said tube outlet, theseelements being positioned close to one another, so as to leave slot-likepassages between them, and in stepped relation, so that the upper sideof each extends beyond the trailing edge of the element located above itand forms an outwardly curved prolonged lip to the slot existing betweenthese two last mentioned wing-like elements, whereby the flow of exhaustgases through each of these slots produces a suction acting on thestream flowing through the next slot above it and facilitates the flowof gases from the corresponding tube along the back face of saidwing-like structure, said tubes and their respective wing-shapedstructures being arranged in stepped relation to one another in saidmanifold so that the suction created by one wing-shaped structure iseffective to cooperate with the other tubes.

6. An exhaust device for an internal combustion engine which comprises,in combination, a manifold, a plurality of fiat tubes for conveying theexhaust gases from the cylinders. of said engine to said manifold, and awing-shaped slotted structure mounted in said manifold opposite eachtube outlet to said manifold, with the leading edge of said structureparallel to said outlet, each of said structures consisting of aplurality of wing-like elements arranged adjacent and parallel to oneanother with their leading edges turned toward said tube outlet, theseelements being positioned close to one another, so as to leave slot-likepassages between them, and in stepped relation, so that the upper sideof each extends beyond the trailing edge of the element located above itand forms an outwardly curved prolonged lip to the slot existing betweenthese two last mentioned wing-like elements, whereby the flow of exhaustgases through each of these slots produces a suction acting on thestream flowing through the next slot above it and facilitates the flowof gases from the corresponding exhaust tube onto and along the backface of said wing-shaped structure, said tubes and their respectivewing-shaped structures being arranged in stepped relation to one anotherin said manifold so that the suction created by one wingshaped structureis effective to cooperate with the other tubes, and a deflector carriedby said manifold between two successive wing-shaped structures so as toprevent back-flow and eddy-like movements of the exhaust gases in saidmanifold.

7. An exhaust device for a radial internal combustion engine whichcomprises, in combination, a manifold in the form of a flat circularvessel surrounding said engine, a plurality of flat tubes for conveyingthe exhaust gases from the cylinders of said engine to different pointsof the circumference of said manifold, and a wing-shaped structureconstituted by a plurality of wingshaped elements arranged adjacent andparallel to one another with their leading edges turned toward thedirection from which the fluid is flow- 5 ing, these elements beingpositioned close to one another so as to leave slot-like passagesbetween them and in stepped relation, so that the upper side of eachextends beyond the trailing edge of the element located above it andforms an outwardly curved prolonged lip to the slot existing betweenthese two last mentioned wing-like elements to form together amultiple-slot wing structure fixed in said manifold opposite andparallel to the outlet of each of said exhaust tubes into said manifold,so as to split the stream of gases issuing from said last mentioned tubeinto a portion which\ passes around said structure and another portionwhich passes through the slots thereof and produces on its back face asuction which improves the flow through the corresponding exhaust tubes,saidtubes and their respective wing-shaped structures being so arrangedalong the circumference of said manifold that the suction created by onewing-shaped structure is efiective to cooperate with the-other tubes.

8. An exhaust device for an internal combustion engine which comprises,in combination, a

manifold in the form of a flaring tube, a plurality of flat tubesopening into said tube at successive points of one wall thereof, and aslotted structure carried by said manifold across the outlet of each ofsaid tubes into said first mentioned flaring tube, said structureconsisting of a plurality of wing-like elements arranged adjacent andparallel to one another with their leading edges turned toward saidexhaust tube, these elements being positioned close to one another, soas to leave slot-like passages between them, and in stepped relation, sothat the upper side of each of them extends beyond the trailing edge ofthe element located above it and forms an outwardly curved prolonged lipto the slot existing between these two last mentioned wing-likeelements, whereby the flow of fluid through each of these slots producesa suction acting on the stream flowing through the next slot above itand facilitates the flow of exhaust gases along the back part of saidslotted structure, the arrangement of these slotted structures insuccession along said wall of the flaring tube causing each slottedstructure to exert a suction on the gases issuing through the precedingslotted structure.

HENRI COANDA.

